Teide
A central Tenerife volcano record with a summit cone, Pico Viejo complex, Las Cañadas caldera setting, lava fields, porous drainage, and high-altitude climate.
Volcano Hub
Volcanoes, cones, calderas, and lava-built terrain.
The volcanoes hub organizes volcanic landforms by cone type, magma setting, lava morphology, caldera structure, island building, eruption deposits, and plate-margin context.
Lead Records
Volcanic terrain references
Volcano pages should explain the visible landform first: cone shape, summit crater, lava apron, flank structure, eruption deposits, and regional tectonic setting.
Yellowstone Caldera
A high-plateau caldera record with resurgent domes, rhyolite lava flows, lake and river drainage, hydrothermal terrain, and hotspot-track context.
Pico de Orizaba
A high eastern Mexican volcano record with a summit crater, glaciated upper cone, radial headwaters, and volcanic-belt context.
Taal Volcano
A southwestern Luzon volcano record with a lake-filled caldera, Volcano Island cones and craters, Pansipit River drainage, and volcanic-arc context.
Nevado del Ruiz
A glacier-capped stratovolcano record with Arenas crater, overlapping lava-built terrain, radial headwaters, lahar valleys, and Northern Volcanic Zone context.
Mount Ruapehu
A glaciated North Island stratovolcano record with a multi-peak summit, active crater lake, radial headwaters, lahar valleys, and Taupō Volcanic Zone context.
Mount Erebus
An active Ross Island stratovolcano record with a caldera platform, summit crater and phonolite lava lake, glaciated flanks, and West Antarctic rift context.
Mount Nyiragongo
A steep East African Rift volcano record with a broad summit crater, inner terraces, flank fissures, fluid lava flows, and Lake Kivu basin context.
Mount Hood
A glaciated stratovolcano record covering andesite-dacite cone structure, radial river valleys, climate gradients, lahar deposits, and Cascade arc setting.
Mount Cameroon
A steep coastal stratovolcano record with fissure vents, cinder cones, basaltic lava fields, short drainage basins, and Gulf of Guinea rainfall.
Mount Pelée
A Lesser Antilles stratovolcano record with summit lava domes, collapse scarps, ravine-cut pyroclastic slopes, tropical drainage, and island-arc context.
Mount Kilimanjaro
A three-cone volcanic massif record with Kibo's summit caldera, eroded Mawenzi and Shira terrain, radial drainage, elevation climate, and equatorial ice fields.
Mount Bromo
An active pyroclastic cone record covering its summit crater, Tengger caldera floor, ash deposits, monsoon erosion, and Sunda Arc setting.
Aconcagua
A high Andean massif record covering uplifted rock structure, arid relief, glaciers, headwater valleys, and why the mountain is not a volcano.
Mount Ararat
A compound volcanic massif record with twin cones, flank vents and lava fields, summit ice, radial drainage, and highland context.
Mount Elbrus
A twin-summit volcanic massif record with broad lava-built flanks, extensive glaciers, radial headwaters, and Greater Caucasus context.
Mount Fuji
A Japanese volcanic cone record with symmetrical slopes, summit crater, lava and ash deposits, and island-arc context.
Mount Etna
A Sicilian volcano record shaped by flank vents, lava fields, summit craters, ash deposits, and Mediterranean plate margins.
Mauna Loa
A Hawaiian shield volcano record covering broad lava slopes, rift zones, summit caldera, and ocean-island growth.
Krakatoa
A Sunda Strait caldera record with explosive eruption history, island remnants, crater collapse, and volcanic island rebuilding.
Mount Vesuvius
A Campanian volcano record linking cone form, caldera structure, ash deposits, and the Bay of Naples volcanic setting.
Mount St. Helens
A Cascade volcano record with a breached crater, debris-avalanche terrain, ash deposits, and lava dome growth.
Kilauea
A shield volcano record with summit caldera structure, rift zones, basalt lava fields, and Hawaiian island growth.
Mount Rainier
A glacier-covered stratovolcano record linking cone form, summit craters, lahar valleys, and Cascade arc terrain.
Mount Pinatubo
A Philippine volcano record with summit caldera collapse, crater lake setting, pyroclastic deposits, and lahar valleys.
Mount Tambora
An Indonesian volcano record with a deep caldera, Sanggar Peninsula relief, pyroclastic deposits, and radial drainage.
Mount Merapi
A Java volcano record with a summit lava dome, steep radial ravines, pyroclastic deposits, lahar pathways, and Sunda Arc context.
Cotopaxi
An Ecuadorian volcano record with an ice-capped cone, crater structure, lahar channels, and Andean volcanic terrain.
Popocatepetl
A central Mexican volcano record with a summit crater, steep cone, ash and lava deposits, lahar valleys, and volcanic-belt context.
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Santorini Caldera
A flooded caldera record with island-ring cliffs, pumice deposits, central volcanic islands, and Aegean arc context.
Mountains
Volcanoes sit inside the broader terrain record for peaks, highlands, arcs, and relief-building landforms.
Thumbnail image credits 30 sources
Images are stored locally from Wikimedia Commons. Each centre-cropped thumbnail remains under its listed licence, with creator and source details below.
- Teide — Thomas Wolf, www.foto-tw.de, CC BY-SA 3.0 de. Centre-cropped for display.
- Yellowstone Caldera — Ed Austin/Herb Jones, Public domain. Centre-cropped for display.
- Pico de Orizaba — México en Fotos, CC BY-SA 2.0. Centre-cropped for display.
- Taal Volcano — Ray in Manila, CC BY 2.0. Centre-cropped for display.
- Nevado del Ruiz — Edgar from Ibagué, Colombia, CC BY-SA 2.0. Centre-cropped for display.
- Mount Ruapehu — Geoff McKay, CC BY 2.0. Centre-cropped for display.
- Mount Erebus — Richard Waitt, U.S. Geological Survey, Public domain. Centre-cropped for display.
- Mount Nyiragongo — MONUSCO/Neil Wetmore, CC BY-SA 2.0. Centre-cropped for display.
- Mount Hood — Kevin Crosby, CC BY-SA 2.0. Centre-cropped for display.
- Mount Cameroon — Yona Tientcheu, CC BY-SA 4.0. Centre-cropped for display.
- Mount Pelée — Rehcral, CC BY-SA 4.0. Centre-cropped for display.
- Mount Kilimanjaro — © Sergey Pesterev / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. Centre-cropped for display.
- Mount Bromo — Riza Nugraha ? from Utrecht, The Netherlands, CC BY 2.0. Centre-cropped for display.
- Aconcagua — Bjørn Christian Tørrissen, CC BY-SA 4.0. Centre-cropped for display.
- Mount Ararat — Սէրուժ Ուրիշեան (Serouj Ourishian), CC BY 4.0. Centre-cropped for display.
- Mount Elbrus — Aleksandr Markin, CC BY-SA 2.0. Centre-cropped for display.
- Mount Fuji — Suicasmo, CC BY-SA 4.0. Centre-cropped for display.
- Mount Etna — BenAveling, CC BY-SA 4.0. Centre-cropped for display.
- Mauna Loa — J.D. Griggs, Public domain. Centre-cropped for display.
- Krakatoa — Lithograph: Parker & Coward, Britain;, Public domain. Centre-cropped for display.
- Mount Vesuvius — pietro scerrato, CC BY 3.0. Centre-cropped for display.
- Mount St. Helens — Lyn Topinka, Public domain. Centre-cropped for display.
- Kilauea — USGS/K. Lynn, Public domain. Centre-cropped for display.
- Mount Rainier — Caleb Riston, CC0. Centre-cropped for display.
- Mount Pinatubo — Sindre Helvik, CC BY 3.0. Centre-cropped for display.
- Mount Tambora — This image was taken by the NASA Expedition 20 crew., Public domain. Centre-cropped for display.
- Mount Merapi — Fahmi Widayat, CC BY-SA 4.0. Centre-cropped for display.
- Cotopaxi — Gerard Prins, CC BY-SA 3.0. Centre-cropped for display.
- Popocatepetl — Jakub Hejtmánek at Czech Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 3.0. Centre-cropped for display.
- Santorini Caldera — Dietmar Rabich, CC BY-SA 4.0. Centre-cropped for display.